Analysis on the influential factors of depression associated with gastrointestinal cancer in different parts and the difference of Traditional Chinese Medicine syndromes
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摘要: 目的 分析胃肠恶性肿瘤相关性抑郁的发生情况、相关因素及中医证型的差异性,为临床辨证诊疗提供依据。方法 通过调查问卷形式收集胃肠恶性肿瘤患者的临床资料,采用抑郁自评量表(SDS)分析其肿瘤相关性抑郁的发生率、影响因素及中医证型的差异。结果 237例胃肠恶性肿瘤患者中抑郁发生率为57.81%,其中结直肠癌抑郁发生率为57.52%,胃癌抑郁发生率为58.06%,结直肠癌与胃癌肿瘤相关性抑郁发生率差异不明显,但胃癌抑郁程度明显高于结直肠癌(P< 0.05)。结直肠癌相关性抑郁发生与年龄、临床分期、既往治疗、不良反应、癌痛有无、知情与否、中医辨证分型有关(P< 0.05),而胃癌相关性抑郁发生与患病时间、临床分期、不良反应、知情与否、中医辨证分型有关(P< 0.05)。胃癌与结直肠癌均以肝郁脾虚、肝气郁结型最多,结直肠癌中心脾两虚型次之,胃癌中气滞血瘀型次之。结论 胃肠恶性肿瘤相关性抑郁发生率较高,结直肠癌与胃癌患者间抑郁程度、影响因素及中医证型存在差异,临床应对高危因素者予以关注,防止肿瘤相关性抑郁的发生。Abstract: Objective To analyze the occurrence of gastrointestinal cancer-related depression, related factors, and the difference of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) syndrome types, and provide evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods Clinical data of gastrointestinal malignant tumor patients were collected by questionnaire, and the incidence, influencing factors and TCM syndrome types of tumor-related depression were analyzed by Zung self-rating depression scale(SDS).Results In terms of tumor-related depression, the incidence of depression in 237 patients with gastrointestinal cancer was 57.81%, including 57.52% in colorectal cancer and 58.06% in gastric cancer. There was no significant difference in the incidence of tumor-related depression between colorectal cancer and gastric cancer, but the degree of depression in gastric cancer was significantly higher than that in colorectal cancer(P< 0.05). Depression influence factors, colorectal cancer related to depression occur with age, clinical stage, always pain treatment, adverse events, whether, or not familiar with the situation, Chinese medicine dialectical classification about(P< 0.05), and correlation between depression and sick time, gastric cancer, adverse events, familiar with the clinical stage or not, Chinese medicine dialectical classification about(P< 0.05). In terms of TCM syndromes, in both gastric cancer and colorectal cancer, liver stagnation, spleen deficiency and liver qi stagnation were the most common. In colorectal cancer, the deficiency of heart and spleen took second place, and in gastric cancer, qi stagnation and blood stasis took second place.Conclusion The incidence of depression related to the gastrointestinal malignant tumor is high, and there are differences in depression degree, influencing factors and TCM syndrome type between colorectal cancer and gastric cancer patients. Clinical attention should be paid to the high-risk factors to prevent and treat the occurrence of tumor-related depression.
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表 1 结直肠癌相关性抑郁及相关因素分析
因素 例数 抑郁例数(%) χ2 P 因素 例数 抑郁例数(%) χ2 P 年龄/岁 既往治疗/种 < 60 69 30(43.5) 14.304 < 0.001 1 18 12(66.7) ≥60 44 35(79.5) 2 35 29(82.9) 17.349 < 0.001 性别 ≥3 60 24(40.0) 男 60 27(45.0) 8.209 0.004 治疗时间/月 女 53 38(71.7) ≤3 21 12(57.1) 患病时间 >3~12 27 18(66.7) 1.285 0.526 2020年以前 91 55(60.4) >12 65 35(53.8) 2020年1-6月 12 6(50.0) 0.334 0.846 不良反应 2020年7-12月 10 4(40.0) 有 70 50(71.4) 14.599 < 0.001 文化程度 无 43 15(34.9) 小学及以下 9 6(66.7) 疼痛 初中 20 12(60.0) 0.604 0.895 有 45 39(86.7) 25.996 < 0.001 高中 37 21(56.8) 无 68 26(38.2) 大学及以上 47 26(55.3) 知情 家庭年收入/万 是 79 51(64.6) 5.318 0.021 ≤2 12 9(75.0) 否 34 14(41.2) 2~4 24 16(66.6) 5.610 0.061 中医证型 ≥4 77 40(51.9) 肝气郁结 21 16(76.2) 医疗来源 肝郁脾虚 20 14(70.0) 医保 81 42(51.9) 心脾两虚 11 7(63.6) 12.287 0.031 新农合 20 17(85.0) 6.050 0.049 气滞血瘀 12 7(58.3) 自费 12 6(50.0) 痰湿阻滞 23 13(56.5) 临床分期 其他 26 8(30.8) Ⅰ 15 12(80.0) Ⅱ 31 12(38.7) 8.175 0.043 Ⅲ 41 26(63.4) Ⅳ 26 15(57.7) 表 2 胃癌相关性抑郁及相关因素分析
因素 例数 抑郁例数(%) χ2 P 因素 例数 抑郁例数(%) χ2 P 年龄/岁 既往治疗/种 < 60 48 32(66.7) 2.380 0.123 1 56 32(57.1) ≥60 76 40(52.6) 2 36 20(55.6) 0.371 0.831 性别 ≥3 32 20(62.5) 男 104 60(57.7) 0.037 0.848 治疗时间/月 女 20 12(60.0) ≤3 28 24(85.7) 患病时间 >3~12 44 20(45.5) 12.045 0.002 2020年以前 68 36(52.9) >12 52 28(53.8) 2020年1—6月 24 8(33.3) 18.148 < 0.001 不良反应 2020年7—12月 32 28(87.5) 有 99 62(62.6) 4.196 0.041 文化程度 无 25 10(40.0) 小学及以下 6 3(50.0) 疼痛 初中 14 7(50.0) 2.733 0.435 有 63 43(68.3) 5.461 0.019 高中 56 37(66.1) 无 61 29(47.5) 大学及以上 48 25(52.1) 知情 家庭年收入/万 是 93 60(64.5) 6.359 0.012 ≤2 6 2(33.3) 否 31 12(38.7) >2~ < 4 45 31(68.9) 4.367 0.113 中医证型 ≥4 73 39(53.4) 肝气郁结 27 19(70.4) 医疗来源 肝郁脾虚 28 21(75.0) 医保 99 56(56.6) 心脾两虚 14 8(57.1) 13.919 0.016 新农合 19 12(63.2) 0.483 0.785 气滞血瘀 16 9(56.3) 自费 6 4(66.7) 痰湿阻滞 10 6(60.0) 临床分期 其他 29 9(31.0) Ⅰ 18 4(22.2) Ⅱ 28 8(28.6) 38.210 < 0.001 Ⅲ 44 28(63.6) Ⅳ 34 32(94.1) 表 3 结直肠癌相关性抑郁多因素logistic回归分析结果
变量 因素 赋值 B Wald P 0=不抑郁 1=抑郁 X1 年龄 ≥60岁 <60岁 -3.016 10.356 0.001 X2 临床分期 Ⅰ~Ⅱ Ⅲ~Ⅳ 1.745 4.150 0.042 X3 既往治疗 <3种 ≥3种 2.859 12.186 < 0.001 X4 不良反应 无 有 2.297 7.804 0.005 X5 疼痛 无 有 1.563 4.792 0.029 X6 知情 否 是 1.842 5.376 0.020 X7 证型 其他 肝气郁结/肝郁脾虚/心脾两虚/气滞血瘀/痰湿阻滞 1.778 5.591 0.018 表 4 胃癌相关性抑郁多因素logistic回归分析结果
变量 因素 赋值 B Wald P 0=不抑郁 1=抑郁 X1 患病时间 2020年以前 2020年 1.859 7.550 0.006 X2 临床分期 Ⅰ~Ⅱ Ⅲ~Ⅳ 2.393 13.418 < 0.001 X3 知情 否 是 2.055 10.423 0.001 X4 不良反应 无 有 1.138 4.271 0.039 X5 证型 其他 肝气郁结/肝郁脾虚/心脾两虚/气滞血瘀/痰湿阻滞 2.198 9.974 0.002 -
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