Abstract: Objective: To investigate the risk factors of functional constipation in preschool children and its correlation with Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) symptoms.Methods: A total of 352 children with functional constipation who visited our pediatric clinic from February 2019 to January 2020 were selected as the observation group, and 360 healthy children of the same age group at the same time were selected as the control group. The data of the included children were collected to screen the risk factors of functional constipation; the syndrome differentiation of the children with functional constipation was combined with the medical history and four diagnostic data to analyze the correlation between the risk factors and TCM symptoms.Results: Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that 12 items such as maternal preference for sweets and meat and spicy during pregnancy, addition of complementary foods>6 months, cesarean section, holding stools, indigestion, insufficient drinking water, maternal gestational diabetes, irregular defecation, antibiotic use>5 times/year, fear of defecation, no defecation training, and a history of familial constipation were all risk factors for functional constipation in children; the common frequency of TCM symptoms in 352 children with functional constipation from high to low was: food constipation(29.5%), dryness and heat constipation(27.0%), Qi deficiency constipation(21.6%), Qi stagnation constipation(18.8%), and blood deficiency constipation(3.1%); the correlation between TCM symptoms and risk factors was analyzed according to the magnitude of OR, the food accumulation constipation syndrome was related to fear of defecation, irregular defecation, insufficient drinking water, maternal preference for meat during pregnancy, indigestion, and maternal gestational diabetes; the dryness and heat constipation syndrome was related to maternal preference for meat during pregnancy, maternal preference for spicy water during pregnancy, insufficient drinking water, and holding stools; the Qi deficiency constipation syndrome was related to indigestion, insufficient drinking water, maternal preference for meat during pregnancy, irregular defecation, and abuse of antibiotics; and the Qi stagnation constipation syndrome was related to maternal preference for sweets during pregnancy, insufficient drinking water, family history, and abuse of antibiotics.Conclusion: The occurrence of functional constipation in children is associated with multiple factors, and each TCM symptoms has a certain correlation with risk factors.