Research progress of mesenchymal stem cells regulating macrophage polarization in ulcerative colitis
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摘要: 溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis，UC)是一种常见的全球范围性的炎症性肠病。因难以治愈且易复发，治疗费用高昂，严重影响患者的生活质量。目前UC的发病机制尚不明确，临床尚无特异性治疗方案。巨噬细胞在UC病理发展中发挥了关键作用，可诱导促炎表型的M1巨噬细胞以及抗炎表型的M2巨噬细胞免疫稳态。间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells，MSCs)具有多向分化潜能和免疫调节能力，可调控巨噬细胞极化，维持巨噬细胞免疫稳态，改善体内炎症环境。本文综述MSCs调控巨噬细胞极化在UC中的功能和在治疗中的作用，以及其可能的作用机制，期望为未来UC的治疗提供新的见解。Abstract: Ulcerative colitis(UC) is a common global inflammatory bowel disease that is difficult to cure and prone to recurrence, leading to high treatment costs and severely impacting patients' quality of life. The pathogenesis of UC is currently unclear, and there are no specific treatment plans in clinical practice. Macrophages play a critical role in the pathological development of UC by inducing the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype and the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype to maintain immune homeostasis. Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) have multi-directional differentiation potential and immunomodulatory capabilities, and can regulate macrophage polarization to maintain immune homeostasis and improve the inflammatory environment in the body. This article summarizes the functions of MSCs in regulating macrophage polarization and their potential mechanisms of action in UC, as well as their roles in treatment, to provide new insights for future UC therapy.
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Key words:
- mesenchymal stem cell /
- macrophage polarization /
- ulcerative colitis
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表 1 M2巨噬细胞亚型特征
M2亚型 激活因子 表面标志物 分泌因子 功能作用 M2a IL-4、IL-13、真菌或蠕虫感染 IL-1受体、CD206、Arg-1、FIZZ1、Ym1/2 IL-10、IL-1受体拮抗剂、TGF-β、CCL17、CCL18、CCL22、CCL24 消除炎症、愈合伤口、杀灭寄生虫 M2b 免疫复合物、TLR/IL-1β配体 IL-6受体、IL-10受体、IL-12受体、CD86 IL-1、IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α、CCL1 增强Th2分化、加强感染、促进肿瘤进程 M2c 糖皮质激素、IL-10、TGF-β CD163、CD206、TLR-1、TLR-8、Arg-1 IL-10、TGF-β、CCL13、CCL16、CCL18 免疫抑制、凋亡细胞的吞噬作用 M2d IL-6、TLR拮抗剂 IL-10受体、IL-12受体 IL-10、IL-12、TNF-α、TGF-β、VEGF 血管生成、促进肿瘤进程 
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